• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for producing a probe for measuring the temperature of a part or a fluid, said probe comprising: a protective sleeve in which is installed a temperature measuring element, which sleeve has a closed end, a wire inlet end, and an active part which in use is in contact with the part or fluid whose temperature is to be measured, - a cable having a first end connected to the sheath at the its input end and a second end adapted to be connected to an apparatus for processing the signals delivered by the measuring element, said method consisting in: - using a flexible cable formed by conductive wires embedded in an electrical insulating material based on mineral fibers impregnated with an adhesive binder, said wires and said insulating material being surrounded by an external protective braid, - connect the conductor son to the measuring element, so that said son embedded in the electrical insulating material arrive in the active part of the sheath. Before the first use of the probe for measuring a temperature, this method comprises the following steps: - heating the sheath to a temperature such that the electrical insulating material contained in at least the active portion of said sheath emits vapors, - evacuate these vapors out of the scabbard until exhaustion.
    公开号:FR3035500A1
    申请号:FR1553551
    申请日:2015-04-21
    公开日:2016-10-28
    发明作者:Pascal Fouache
    申请人:Controle Mesure Regulation (cmr)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The subject of the invention is a method for producing a temperature probe. It also relates to a temperature sensor. The invention relates to the technical field of probes for measuring the temperature of parts of machines or fluids circulating in machine pipes in general, such as the exhaust gases of heat engines, turbines, compressors and other similar installations, intended for the industrial field in general, in particular for purposes of controlling and adjusting said machines. The invention relates more specifically to the technical field of probes suitable for measuring temperatures above 300 ° C. State of the art Some machine parts or some exhaust gases of heat engines can reach high temperatures, above 300 ° C, for example of the order of 600 ° C or 1000 ° C or more. Also, temperature probes must be robust and resistant to operate under such thermal stresses and deliver reliable and accurate results. For this purpose, and as appears in FIGS. 1a and 2, the temperature probes S generally comprise a cable 3 connected to a protective sleeve 14 in which a temperature measuring element 2 which can be installed is installed. in the form of a thermocouple, a platinum probe 5 (eg PT50, PT100, PT200, PT500 or PT1000) or a thermistor (eg NTC or PTC). The sleeve 14 is placed in contact with the fluid or the part whose temperature is to be measured. The sleeve 14 has a closed end 141 and a wire entry end 142. To simplify the connection of the two conductive wires 30 of the cable 3 to the measuring element 2, the closed end 141 can be attached and welded to the sheath 14. The cable 3 generally has a first end 3a connected to the sheath 14 at the its end end 142. A part 4, provides the connection, for example by crimping or by any other means, between the cable 3 and the sheath 14 butted. This connecting piece 4 may be an integral part of the sleeve 14 or be in the form of a ring insert.
    [0002] The cable 3 also has a second end 3b connected to an apparatus 7 for processing the signals delivered by the measuring element 2, by means of a suitable connector 6. In a first known embodiment of the prior art and illustrated in Figure 1a, the cable 3 can not be directly exposed to high temperatures. The two connection wires 30 are surrounded by a protective jacket 32 that can withstand temperatures of the order of 150 ° C to 300 ° C only. In the sleeve 14, the wires 30 are connected to the connection wires 20 of the measuring element 2 by welds 21. These wires 20 are surrounded by a thermal insulation 243 usually based on magnesia. Thanks to this design, the sleeve 14 can be subjected to high temperatures of up to 100000. The cable 3 which is less thermally stressed does not need to withstand such temperatures. If the outside environment is subjected to a temperature greater than 5,300 ° C, the cable 3 is more thermally stressed. Also, one can use a longer sleeve 14, being in the form of a semi-rigid cable of the type shown schematically in Figure lb and commonly called jacketed mineral insulated cable. The sleeve 14 is in this case a metal tube with a small wall thickness that can be folded and shaped by hand. The connection 21 between the wires 30 and the wires 20 (cold junction) is further away from the measuring element 2, and thus from the hot spot, than in FIG. Although widely used, this type of probe nevertheless has drawbacks. Because of its design and the welding operations to be performed to connect the wires 30 of the cable 3 to the wires 20 of the sleeve 14, which are otherwise manual in many cases, the manufacturing cost of such a probe is high. In addition, the presence of magnesia which is present in the sleeve 14 and which is hydrophilic, tends to capture moisture, so that the signal transmitted by the conductive wires 20 of the measuring element 2, towards the analyzer 7 may be degraded due to short circuit, brownout, or insulation failure and give erroneous results. To remedy this, probes of the type illustrated in FIG. 2 are known, and where the magnesia is replaced by a rigid ceramic envelope 244a and 25 in which the wires 20 are housed. The measuring element 2 is also housed in a ceramic tip 244b arranged at the closed end 141 of the sleeve 14. If the problems related to magnesia are avoided, however, the cost of such a probe remains high because the elements 244a and 244h are in fact ceramic. Since the ceramic is also relatively fragile, it is necessary to handle these probes with care.
    [0003] With reference to FIG. 3, for high temperatures (for example greater than 300 ° C., or even greater than 60,000), it may be tempting to use a flexible cable 3 called "high temperature" formed by wires conductors 30 embedded in an electrically insulating material 31 based on mineral fibers, of the glass fiber type, which fibers are impregnated with an adhesive binder or glue. The wires 30 and the insulating material 31 are surrounded by an external mechanical protection braid 32, for example in the form of a wire mesh. Other mineral fibers 33 may be disposed between the braid 32 and the insulating material 31.
    [0004] In the embodiment shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4, the probe S is provided with this "high temperature" cable 3, part of which is housed in the sheath 14. The conductive wires 30 are connected to the measuring element 2, so that said son embedded in the insulating material 31 arrive in the sleeve 14 by its inlet end 142. Such a temperature probe is interesting to use because it is simpler and less expensive to manufacture than the probes of previous achievements in the extent that the cable 3, which is inserted into the sheath 14, already withstands high temperatures, the son housed in said sheath not requiring additional thermal insulation (and in particular neither magnesia nor ceramics). However, during their use, when the sleeve 14 is subjected to temperatures of between 300 ° C. and 600 ° C., the Applicant has noticed the occurrence of short circuits during the transmission of the signal sent from the measuring element. 2, in the direction of the external analysis apparatus 7. These short circuits adversely affect the quality of the signal measured by the apparatus 7 and, consequently, the reliability of the results and the operation of the machine, the parameters of which temperature should be monitored.
    [0005] The main object of the present invention is to overcome these disadvantages. In particular, an object of the invention is to provide a method for obtaining a temperature probe provided with a high temperature cable, which is free from the aforementioned malfunctions, so as to deliver results. reliable.
    [0006] Another object of the invention is to provide a temperature sensor whose design is simple and whose economic cost is moderate. Disclosure of the invention.
    [0007] The solution proposed by the invention is a method for producing a temperature probe, said probe comprising: a protective sheath in which a temperature measuring element is installed, which sheath has a closed end, an end 15 son, and an active portion which in use is in contact with the part or fluid whose temperature is to be measured, a cable having a first end connected to the sleeve at its inlet end and a second end adapted to be connected to an apparatus for processing the signals delivered by the measuring element, said method comprising: using a flexible cable formed by conductive wires embedded in an insulating electrical material based on mineral fibers impregnated with an adhesive binder, said wires and said insulating material being surrounded by an external protective braid, - connecting the conductive wires to the measuring element, so that said son embedded in the electrical insulating material arrive in the active part of the sheath. The method is remarkable in that prior to the first use of the probe for measuring a temperature, said method comprises the steps of: - heating the sheath to a temperature such that the electrical insulation material contained in at least the active part of said sheath emits vapors; - And evacuate these vapors out of the sleeve until the exhaustion thereof.
    [0008] Indeed, after various attempts to understand why the signal quality was not optimal due to short-circuits, the applicant unexpectedly found that the problems originated from the adhesive binder used in the insulating material. electric. Indeed, it appeared that certain chemical compounds of the adhesive binder liquefied and / or vaporized under the action of heat and lost their insulating properties to become conductive. When the probe is used and the sheath is thermally stressed, the insulating material and, indeed, the adhesive binder, rise in temperature, causing the change of state of these chemical compounds that can be described as "disruptive". In fact, when the latter pass to the liquid state or to the vapor state, they lose their insulating properties, become conductive and are capable of producing short circuits between the conducting wires and / or signal leaks. the sheath. Thanks to the invention, the temperature probe thus treated prior to its use, is no longer subject to the disturbance problems of the signals transmitted by the measuring element. This is due to the total or near total absence of the disturbing compounds, at least in the active part of the sheath. The insulating material outside the sleeve in the untreated portion of the cable (most of it) does not see its electrical isolation characteristics impaired by any phase change in the disturbing chemical compounds. Indeed, they are not retained in the cable, but escape from it as soon as they pass in the steam state, before creating short circuits. Moreover, the manufacturing cost of such a probe thus treated remains moderate.
    [0009] Other advantageous features of the process according to the invention are listed below, each of these characteristics being able to be considered alone, independently of the above-mentioned remarkable characteristics, and to be subject, where appropriate, to one or more divisional patent applications: 5 - The heating steps of the protective sheath and vapor evacuation are preferably maintained until the adhesive binder of the electrical insulating material contained in the active part of the sheath is in the form of powder dried. Preferably an opening is made at the inlet end of the protective sheath, the vapors formed during heating of the sleeve being evacuated through this opening. It is also possible to provide holes in the side wall of the protective sheath, through which evacuate the vapors formed during heating of said sheath. The heating step may be performed by placing at least the active portion of the protective sleeve in a heater. Advantageously, the protective sheath is heated in a temperature range of between 300 ° C. and 600 ° C., preferably between 450 ° C. and 500 ° C. The heating may be maintained for at least 24 hours, for 48 hours or for 72 hours. Another aspect of the invention relates to a temperature probe comprising: a protective sheath in which a temperature measuring element is installed, which sheath has a closed end, a wire inlet end, and a portion active which in use is in contact with the part or fluid whose temperature is to be measured, a flexible cable having a first end connected to the sleeve at its inlet end and a second end adapted to be connected to an apparatus for processing the signals delivered by the measuring element, said cable being formed by conducting wires embedded in an electrical insulating material based on mineral fibers impregnated with an adhesive binder, said wires and said insulating material being surrounded an external protective braid, the conductive wires being connected to the measuring element, so that said enrobing wires in the insulating material arrive in the active part of the sleeve by its inlet end. This probe is remarkable in that the configuration of the probe before its first use for measuring a temperature, is such that the electrical insulating material contained at least in the active part of the sleeve is free of chemical compounds likely to liquefy and / or to vaporize and become conductive, when said electrical insulating material is heated under normal pressure conditions, at a temperature of between 300 ° C and 600 ° C.
    [0010] Other advantageous features of the probe according to the invention are listed below, each of its characteristics being able to be considered alone, independently of the aforementioned remarkable characteristics, and to be the object, if necessary, of one or more requests. divisional patents: - the configuration of the probe before its first use to measure a temperature is such that the adhesive binder of the electrical insulating material contained in at least the active part of the sleeve, is in the form of inert powder and dry. The cable is preferably formed by two conductor wires made of different materials, the measuring element being made by connecting these two conductive wires by a hot weld so as to form a thermocouple. The measuring element is preferably a thermocouple housed in a ceramic envelope, which envelope is embedded in a refractory cement.
    [0011] The outer protective braid preferentially is a metal braid.
    [0012] Description of the figures. Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which will follow, with reference to the accompanying drawings, carried out as indicative and non-limiting examples and in which: FIG. 1 is a diagram of a temperature probe according to a first known embodiment of the prior art. FIG. 1b shows a variant of the temperature probe illustrated in FIG. 1a. FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a temperature sensor. temperature according to a second known embodiment of the prior art, Figure 3 illustrates the design of a cable called "high temperature" and can be used to produce a temperature sensor according to the invention, Figure 4 above schematizes a temperature probe according to the invention, FIG. 5 schematizes a temperature probe according to the invention, in a variant FIG. 6 illustrates a temperature probe according to the invention during the step of heating the probe in a heating apparatus. FIG. 7 illustrates a temperature probe according to the invention during the step In another embodiment of the invention, FIG. 8 illustrates a temperature probe according to the invention, during the step of heating the probe in a heating apparatus. FIG. 9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the probe along the line AA of FIG. 8, showing the evacuation of the vapors, FIG. 10 schematizes a temperature probe according to the invention, in another variant. FIG. 11 diagrammatically shows the mounting of the probe in the exhaust of a motor traversed by the gases; FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the probe along the line BB of FIG. 4; my the evacuation of vapors. Preferred embodiment of the invention
    [0013] The probe S object of the invention is suitable for measuring the temperature of machine parts or fluids circulating in machine pipes such as engine exhaust gases.
    [0014] It is of the type described above with reference to FIG. 4. It is provided with a flexible cable 3 "high temperatures" (FIG. 3) formed by two conducting wires 30, both made of an identical material (eg copper). , or in different materials (eg "CHROMEL / ALUMEL"). The wires 30 are embedded in an electrically insulating material 31 based on mineral fibers, for example of the ceramic fiber or glass fiber type, which fibers are impregnated with an adhesive binder or glue, for example based on siloxane, decanedioate Dibutyl (plasticizer) and 3,5,24-trimethyltetracontam. The wires 30 and the insulating material 31 are surrounded by an outer protective braid 32, preferably having the shape of a wire mesh, for example nickel-plated copper or stainless steel. Other mineral fibers 33 (ceramic fibers or glass silk) may be disposed between the braid 32 and the insulating material 31. The cable 3 thus formed has a certain flexibility to place the probe S in confined spaces. It may have a length of between 10 cm and 10 m. By way of example, a cable 3 marketed by the company OMERIN under the reference COUPLIX® K-BIMSI-SIF 3035500 Round IEC 2x0.34 mm 2 is used, but other manufacturers offer these high temperature flexible cables that are known to withstand 900 ° C. C temperature and even beyond. The first end 3a of the cable 3 is connected to the sleeve 14 at the level of the inlet end 142 of the latter. Its second end 3b is provided with a connection connector 6 to an apparatus for analyzing and processing 7 signals delivered by the measuring element 2. The sleeve 14 has a substantially cylindrical shape. Its external diameter is for example between 4.5 mm and 30 mm, its thickness between 0.5 mm and 4 mm and its length between 30 mm and 2000 mm. It is rigid, (or semi-rigid so that it can be folded manually) and made of a suitable material to withstand the temperatures to be measured and the surrounding environment. For example, 304L or 316L stainless steel will be used up to temperatures of about 800 ° C. For cases of corrosive atmosphere beyond 400 ° C, use for example Inconel® steel or 316Ti stainless steel. The sleeve 14 has a closed end 141 and a wire inlet end 142, which input end is open. The measuring element 2 is installed in the sheath at the closed end 141. The latter can be attached and welded to the sheath 14, which facilitates the mounting of the measuring element 2. The element of FIG. measurement 2 may be of the thermocouple type (FIG. 4) or of the thin-film measurement resistor, platinum probe (PT50, PT100, PT200, PT500, PT1000) or of a thermistor (NTC, PTC) for example (FIG. 5). Such a resistive element 2 can then be mounted in 2 son, 3 son or 4 son, single or double element.
    [0015] The sleeve 14 also has an active portion 143 which, in use, is in contact with the part or fluid whose temperature is to be measured. This active part contains the measuring element 2 and is situated between the two ends 141 and 142 of the sheath 14. In particular, as illustrated in FIG. 11, when the probe S is mounted on a gas pipe of FIG. Exhaust T (or in a room) with the sleeve 14 inside the pipe (or the part), the active part 143 corresponds to the part of the sleeve which is inside and possibly in the vicinity of the outside T pipe (or piece) and which is swept by the exhaust gas G in circulation. To fix the probe S to the pipe T (or to a part), an external radial flange 144 is for example formed around the outer wall of the sleeve 14 to bear on a boss B of the pipe T (or the part) . A clamping member, such as a nut 145, is provided around the sleeve 14 to screw on the boss B by applying the flange 144 against said boss, ensuring the tightness and maintenance of the sleeve sleeve 14 and, therefore, that of the probe S 15 on the tailpipe T (or part). In this configuration, the active portion 143 corresponds to the portion of the sheath that is located between the collar 144 and the closed end 141. The first end 3a of the cable 3 is inserted into the sheath 14 via its inlet end 142. In FIGS. 4 and 5, the assembly constituted by the wires 30, the insulating material 31 (and, where appropriate, the mineral fibers 33) and the external protective braid 32, is inserted inside the sheath 14. Crimp connection 146 or the like is provided between the abutment sleeve 14 and the abutting cable 3, at the inlet end 141, so as to secure said sleeve to said cable and to avoid the risk of tearing when handling the cable. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, only the assembly constituted by the wires 30 and the insulating material 31 (and, if appropriate, the mineral fibers 33) is inserted into the sheath 14. The braid of external protection 32 is decanted so as to be placed outside the sleeve 14, around its outer wall 3035500, and more particularly between the inlet end 142 and the flange 144. A crimping ring 148 or other is then provided to secure the sleeve 14 to the cable 3. This arrangement has the advantage of eliminating any risk of degradation of the insulating material 31 (and possibly the mineral fibers 33) by the end strands of the braid 32 when this one is metallic. The conductive son 30 are connected to the measuring element 2 housed in the sleeve 14, so that said son 30 embedded in the insulating material 31 arrive in the active portion 143 of said sleeve.
    [0016] If the two conductor wires 30 are each made of a different material (eg "CHROMEL / ALUMEL"), it is sufficient to connect them together by a so-called "hot spot" weld to form a thermocouple 2, thereby simplifying the design of the probe S (FIG. 4).
    [0017] In the case where the measuring element 2 is in the form of a thin-film measuring resistor, platinum probe (PT50, PT100, PT200, PT500 or PT1000) or thermistor (NTC or PTC) for example ( 5), the two conductive wires 20 of the resistor 2 are soldered to the wires 30. Usually, the wires 20 and 30 are brought into contact at their free ends by a weld symbolized at 21. In the case of FIG. a thermocouple (FIG. 4), the measuring element 2 is advantageously housed in a ceramic casing 147 arranged at the closed end 141 of the sheath 14. This casing 147 is embedded in a refractory cement 148, the together forming an additional thermal protection preserving the physical integrity of the measuring element 2 when it is subjected to high temperatures, for example greater than 600 ° C. This configuration is similar to that employed with a measuring element 2 consisting of a platinum probe or a thermistor (FIG. 5), however without having to dispose the ceramic casing 147, since the probe and thermistor are isolated by nature. After many experiments, the applicant surprisingly and unexpectedly found that the adhesive binder used in the electrical insulating material 31 (and optionally in the mineral fibers 33) included chemical compounds which liquefied and / or or which vaporized under the action of heat and became conductive. This change of state occurs when the binder is heated under normal pressure conditions at a temperature between 300 ° C and 600 ° C. This phenomenon has been observed at least in the active portion 143 of the sleeve 14. Outside the sleeve 14, the passage in the liquid phase, then vapor, of the disturbing chemical compounds, does not create short-circuit conditions, because the steam, from its generation, escapes from the cable 3 by the braid 32. Based on these observations, the technical solution recommended by the invention consists in eliminating previously these disruptive chemical compounds from the inside of the sheath 14, to avoid that they do not produce, by stagnation, short circuits between the conducting wires 30 and / or signal leakage towards said sheath. The active part 143 of the sheath 14 being the most exposed to high temperatures, it must therefore be treated in priority to eliminate the disruptive chemical compounds of the electrical insulating material 31 (and optionally in the mineral fibers 33) before use In accordance with the invention, before the probe S is used for the first time to measure a temperature, the sleeve 14 is heated to a temperature such that the electrical insulating material 31 (and if appropriate in the mineral fibers 33) contained at least in the active portion 143 of said sheath emits vapors. These vapors come from the binder which is applied by coating on the silica fibers. The weight of this binder generally represents between 3% and 7% of the weight of the cable 3. For example, the weight of the binder can vary between about 1 g and 2 g per meter of cable 3. This proportion can vary significantly according to the cable manufacturer 3, the intrinsic design of the 3035500 - 15 - cable 3 (2 wires for a single thermocouple, up to 8 wires for two PT100 probes each mounted in 4 wires). These vapors are then discharged out of the sleeve 14, until exhaustion thereof.
    [0018] The heating and evacuation of the vapors are maintained until the electrical insulating material 31 contained in at least the active portion 143 of the sleeve 14 is free of chemical compounds capable of liquefying and / or vaporizing when said The binder is heated under normal pressure conditions at a temperature between 300 ° C and 600 ° C. At the end of the treatment, the adhesive binder contained in the insulating material 31 (and optionally in the mineral fibers 33) is in the form of an inert dry powder, which also shows that the probe S used has is the subject of the process according to the invention.
    [0019] For this purpose, and as shown in FIG. 6, at least the active portion 143 of the sheath 14 is placed in a heater 5. In FIG. 7, the sheath 14 is inserted along its entire length in the appliance of FIG. The heater 5 may be in the form of a furnace in which heating resistors 50 are housed. The sheath 14 is held on the heater 5 by any suitable means of attachment. , and for example by a fastener similar to that illustrated in FIG. 11. The sheath 14 is thus subjected to heating under a temperature of at least 300 ° C. so as to eliminate the disturbing chemical compounds contained in the insulating material 31 (and where appropriate in the mineral fibers 33), and which are responsible for the malfunctions noted. Good results are obtained when the sleeve 14 is heated under normal pressure conditions, in a temperature range between 300 ° C. and 600 ° C., the best results being obtained with a heating greater than 400 ° C., especially between 450 ° C and 500 ° C. Depending on the amount of adhesive binder contained in the insulating material 31, the heating can be maintained for 24 hours, 48 hours or 72 hours. During heating, the disruptive chemicals vaporize from a solid state to a gaseous state.
    [0020] Under such heating conditions, the Applicant has indeed found that the probe S no longer shows signs of malfunction when the active portion 143 of the sleeve 14 was subjected, in use, to temperatures between 300 ° C and 600 ° C. ° C, and even beyond, for example at temperatures of about 1000 ° C.
    [0021] On the other hand, it is not necessary to treat the insulating material 31 beyond the inlet end 142 of the sheath 14, and even beyond the flange 144. In fact, in use, the temperature of the insulating material 31 the part or fluid to be measured decreases as one moves away from the sleeve 14 to go down to values much lower than 300 ° C. at the approach of the connector 6, so that the integrity cable 3is preserved in these cooled areas. The disruptive chemical compounds of the insulating material 31 (and optionally mineral fibers 33) remain solid and do not involve measurement problems, since said material does not reach the critical temperatures for which these compounds liquefy and / or vaporize. However, in the portion of the cable 3 which is not located inside the sleeve 14, but which is close to the inlet end 142, however, can be subjected to high temperatures. The latter may be greater than 300 ° C. or even 400 ° C. or even 600 ° C. and more if a heat-insulating material surrounds the pipe T on which the probe S is fixed. In this case, the disturbing chemical compounds evaporate and disappear into the atmosphere from their generation, instantly crossing the braid 32 of the cable 3, without creating a short circuit. As can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 12, the vapors 310 generated by the heating of the sheath 14 are evacuated towards the outside of said sheath 14. The vapors 310 pass through the braid 32, thanks to the interweaving of its constituent strands, then by the clearance J between said braid and the inner wall of the sleeve 14. An opening 1420 is made at the inlet end 142, so that the vapors 310 can be evacuated through this opening, up along the inner wall of the sleeve 14. In practice, the opening 1420 is formed 5 during the realization of crimping 146. In an alternative embodiment illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, holes 149 are provided in the side wall of the sleeve 14 to promote and / or accelerate the evacuation of vapors 310. Their diameter is for example between 0.5 mm and 2 mm. They are distributed on the circumference of the sleeve 14 between the flange 144 and the inlet end 142, outside the active portion 143, the latter having to remain perfectly sealed with respect to the fluid whose temperature must be measured. The vapors 310 are evacuated by passing through the braid 32, then by the clearance J between the braid 32 and the sheath 14, and finally by the holes 149. The quantity of adhesive binder contained in the insulating material 31, the orifice size 1420 and 149, and the heating temperature, are the three main parameters that determine the duration of heating for a given probe S.
    [0022] After treatment, the probe S is removed from the heater 5. It is noted that traces of adhesive binder remain in the insulating material 31 (and optionally mineral fibers 33) contained in at least the active portion 143 of the sheath 14, in the form of a dry, gray, inert powder, and that vapor condensates were deposited outside said sheath, on the cold parts of the cable 3, in the form of a white powder, in particular based on silica. This powder is "ephemeral" in the sense that it does not stay long on the cable 3 when handling the latter. Indeed, it can be seen that this powder escapes, falls and / or flies when the cable 3 is handled without leaving any trace, such as dust. These traces of powder also show that the probe used was well the subject of the treatment according to the invention. 3035500 - 18 - The S probe thus treated is then ready to be used without the risk of causing malfunctions (micro-cuts, short-circuits, etc.) during the transmission of the information delivered by the measuring element 2. The absence 5 of disruptive chemical compounds in the binder of the insulating material 31 (and optionally in the mineral fibers 33), at least at the level of the active part 143, ensures an optimal quality in the transmission of the signals delivered by the measuring element 2 towards the apparatus 7, no loss of signal being noted. In addition, the ambient temperature outside the pipe T (or the piece whose temperature has to be measured) decreases rapidly, no liquefaction and / or vaporization of the binder-disrupting compounds contained in the insulating material 31 (and the case in the mineral fibers 33) of the untreated cable 3, does not create an accumulation that could create a detrimental short circuit.
    [0023] The arrangement of the various elements and / or means and / or steps of the invention, in the embodiments described above, should not be understood as requiring such an arrangement in all implementations. In any event, it will be understood that various modifications may be made to these elements and / or means and / or steps, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In particular: The heating of the sheath 14 can be achieved by directly placing said sheath on an electric heating plate. The sleeve 14 can be provided with both the opening 1420 and the holes 149. 25
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. Method for producing a probe for measuring the temperature of a part or a fluid, said probe comprising: a protective sheath (14) in which a temperature measuring element (2) is installed, which sheath has a closed end (141), a wire entry end (142), and an active portion (143) which in use is in contact with the workpiece or fluid whose temperature is to be measured, a cable (3) having a first end (3a) connected to the sleeve (14) at its inlet end (142) and a second end (3b) adapted to be connected to an apparatus (7) for processing the signals delivered by the measuring element (2), said method consisting in: using a flexible cable (3) formed by conducting wires (30) embedded in an electrically insulating material (31) based on mineral fibers impregnated with an adhesive binder said wires (30) and said insulating material (31) being surrounded by an external protective braid (32), - connecting the conductor wires (30) to the measuring element (2), so that said wires (30) embedded in the electrical insulating material (31) arrive in the active part (143) of the sheath (14), characterized in that before the first use of the probe (S) for measuring a temperature, said method comprises the steps of: - heating the sheath (14) to a temperature such that the electrical insulating material (31) contained at least in the active part (143) of said sleeve emits vapors (310), evacuate these vapors out of the sleeve (14) until exhaustion thereof. 30
    [0002]
    The method of claim 1, wherein the steps of heating the protective sheath (14) and vapor evacuation (310) are maintained until the adhesive binder of the electrical insulating material ( 31) contained in the active part (143) of the sheath (14) is in the form of a dry powder.
    [0003]
    3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein there is an opening (1420) at the inlet end (142) of the protective sheath (14), the vapors (310) formed during the heating the protective sheath (14) evacuated through this opening (1420).
    [0004]
    4. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein there are holes (149) in the side wall of the protective sheath (14), through which evacuate the vapors (310) formed during the heating of said sheath .
    [0005]
    5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating step is performed by placing at least the active portion (143) of the protective sheath (14) in a heater (5).
    [0006]
    6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the protective sleeve (14) is heated under normal pressure conditions, in a temperature range between 300 ° C and 600 ° C.
    [0007]
    The method of claim 6, wherein the temperature range is 450 ° C to 500 ° C.
    [0008]
    8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating is maintained for at least 24 hours.
    [0009]
    9. The method of claim 8, wherein the heating is maintained for 48 hours.
    [0010]
    The method of claim 8, wherein the heating is maintained for 72 hours. 3035500 - 21 -
    [0011]
    11. A temperature probe comprising: a protective sleeve (14) in which a temperature measuring element (2) is installed, which sleeve has a closed end (141), a wire inlet end (142). , and an active part (143) which, in use, is in contact with the part or the fluid whose temperature is to be measured, a flexible cable (3) having a first end (3a) connected to the sheath (14) at the its input end (142) and a second end (3b) adapted to be connected to a signal processing apparatus (7) delivered by the measuring element (2), said cable being formed by conducting wires (30) embedded in an insulating material (31) based on inorganic fibers impregnated with an adhesive binder, said wires (30) and said electrical insulating material (31) being surrounded by an external protective braid (32), the conductive wires (30) being connected to the measuring element re (2), so that said wires (30) embedded in the insulating material (31) arrive in the active part (143) of the sheath (14), characterized in that the configuration of the probe (S) before its first use for measuring a temperature, is such that the electrical insulating material (31) contained at least in the active part (143) of the sheath (14) is free of chemical compounds capable of liquefying and / or vaporizing and becoming conductive, when said electrical insulating material is heated under normal pressure conditions, at a temperature of between 300 ° C and 600 ° C. 25
    [0012]
    The probe according to claim 11, wherein the configuration of said probe before its first use for measuring a temperature, is such that the adhesive binder of the electrical insulating material (31) contained at least in the active part (143) of the sleeve ( 14), is in the form of an inert, dry powder. 3035500 - 22 -
    [0013]
    13. Probe according to one of claims 11 or 12, wherein the cable (3) is formed by two son son (30) made of different materials, the measuring element (2) being made by connecting these two son conductors (30) by hot welding to form a thermocouple. 5
    [0014]
    14. The probe according to one of claims 11 to 13, wherein the measuring element (2) is a thermocouple housed in a ceramic casing (147), which envelope is embedded in a refractory cement (148). 10
    [0015]
    15. Probe according to one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the outer protective braid (32) is a metal braid. 15
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR3035500B1|2019-07-19|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4484018A|1983-01-20|1984-11-20|Pneumo Corporation|Coaxial thermocouple wire|
    FR2863358A1|2003-12-03|2005-06-10|Controle Measure Regulation|Thermal sensor for monitoring and protecting spark ignition engine, has connector with electronic converters for processing signals transmitted by sensitive units and permitting direct branching of sensor on current loop type circuit|
    JP2005241481A|2004-02-26|2005-09-08|Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd|Temperature sensor|WO2017198910A1|2016-05-17|2017-11-23|Controle Mesure Regulation|Method for producing a temperature sensor|
    US20180171856A1|2016-12-20|2018-06-21|Sensata Technologies, Inc.|High-temperature exhaust sensor|
    WO2019122036A1|2017-12-21|2019-06-27|Sc2N|High-temperature sensor with sintered ceramic cap|
    US10345156B2|2015-07-01|2019-07-09|Sensata Technologies, Inc.|Temperature sensor and method for the production of a temperature sensor|
    US10502641B2|2017-05-18|2019-12-10|Sensata Technologies, Inc.|Floating conductor housing|
    法律状态:
    2016-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2016-10-28| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20161028 |
    2017-04-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-05-02| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-04-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1553551A|FR3035500B1|2015-04-21|2015-04-21|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TEMPERATURE PROBE|
    FR1553551|2015-04-21|FR1553551A| FR3035500B1|2015-04-21|2015-04-21|METHOD FOR PRODUCING A TEMPERATURE PROBE|
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